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英语词汇解析 词典

为什么「辞典」叫 "dictionary"? 何以两件事「相互矛盾、抵触」的情况称为 " contradiction"? 为什么「告别」是 " valediction"?
人是有情感会思辨的动物;每天我们都试图透过「言语」(speech)来「说出」(speak out)自己的感觉与思想。英语中用于表示「谈话」或「言语」的字汇里多半含有" dict"、 " log" 或 " loqu" 的字根,因囿于篇幅,本文先谈构词数量较多的"dict"。 " dict" 这个拉丁字根的原意是 " speak;say"(言、说),但一个人说话的效果与成败完全在于他/她的「措辞与说法」(diction -- choice of words),而辞典便是措辞、语法的「集大成」(-ary),故称为 dictionary。此外,别人在听了我们的措辞、说法之后,可能会提出「完全不同或对立的」(contra)说法,这时就形成了 " contradiction"(反驳,对立,矛盾,抵触)。如果两人到了无话可说的地步,那就要勇敢地互道「再见」(vale=farewell),该是「告别」(valediction=say goodbye)的时候了。
明白了 dict 这个拉丁字根的来由,我们便可轻易领会下列词汇的语意:
1. diction﹝ ﹞n. (dict = to speak = way of speaking)措辞;用字;语法
2. dictation﹝ ﹞n. [dict = to speak(loudly to be recorded by another or to give orders)] 口述;听写;命令
3. dictator ﹝ ﹞n. 口述者;命令者;独裁者
4. dictatorial﹝ ﹞adj. 独裁的;独断自大的
5. contradict ﹝ ﹞v.(contra + dict = against + say = say against )反驳;抗辩;矛盾;抵触
6. contradiction﹝ ﹞n.(反驳;矛盾;抵触)
7. contradictory﹝ ﹞adj.;n. 相反的;矛盾的;矛盾对立
8. predict﹝ ﹞v.( pre + dict = before + say = say before)预言;预报
9. prediction ﹝ ﹞n. 预言;预报
10. valediction ﹝ ﹞n.(vale + dict = farewell + say = say goodbye)告别;告别辞
接下来我们且看上列辞汇如何在生活中「诉说」它们的故事:
1. The effectiveness of your speech depends on your diction.
你的演说效果在于你的用字是否得当。
2. I wrote the letter at my boss' dictation.
我照我老板的口述写了这封信。
3. I dislike his dictatorial manner.
我不喜欢他那幅专横的态度。
4. The two theories contradicted each other.
这两个理论相互矛盾。
5. They gave contradictory explanations.
他们作了互相矛盾的解释。
6. The fortune-teller predicted me a long life.
那算命者预言我会长寿。
7. She made several accurate predictions.
她做过几次准确的预言。
8. He gave a touching valediction at graduation.
他在毕业典礼上发表了动人的告别辞。
    作者:大学生新闻网 来源:大学生新闻网
    发布时间:2018-05-09 浏览:
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